初中生語文補(bǔ)習(xí)補(bǔ)習(xí)_戴氏英語語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)溫習(xí)_初中補(bǔ)習(xí)
初中生語文補(bǔ)習(xí)補(bǔ)習(xí)_戴氏英語語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)溫習(xí)_初中補(bǔ)習(xí),中學(xué)生堅(jiān)持統(tǒng)籌兼顧原則的第二要點(diǎn)是，要注意身體的健康發(fā)育。青少年時(shí)期，既是長知識(shí)的關(guān)鍵期，也是長身體的關(guān)鍵期，尤其是身體，過了這個(gè)關(guān)鍵期，即使加強(qiáng)鍛煉，也難以收到理想的效果。因?yàn)槿说搅耸甠歲，身體的骨骼、肌肉、肺活量以及五臟六腑的機(jī)能基本定型。身體不但關(guān)系到一生的前途，也關(guān)系到一生的幸福。詞組是提升英語作文的一種有用方式，除此之外最主要的就是對(duì)基本單詞的掌握，由于只有單詞慧良才有可能寫出完整的作文。
月朔英語語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)溫習(xí)
一. 動(dòng)詞be(am,is,are)的用法：
be動(dòng)詞包羅“am”, “is”, “are”三種形式。
?、俚谝蝗朔Q單數(shù)(I)配合am來用。句型剖析析：I am+…
例句：I am Snoopy.
I am ten years old.
I am a student.
I am a boy.
②第二人稱(You)配合are使用。句型剖析：You are+…
例句：You are my good friend.
You are a good teacher.
You are beautiful
③第三人稱單數(shù)(He or She or It)配合is使用。句型剖析：She(He, It) is +……
例句：She is a good girl.
She is so tall.
She is short.
?、苋朔Q復(fù)數(shù) (we /you/they)配合are使用。句型剖析：We (You, They) are +……
例句We are in Class 5,Grade
They are my friends.
You are good students.
用法口訣：
我(I)用am, 你(you)用are，is隨著他(he)，她(she)，它(it)。單數(shù)名詞用is，復(fù)數(shù)名詞全用are。變否認(rèn)，更容易，be后not加上去。變疑問，往條件，句末問號(hào)莫甩掉。尚有一條須注重，句首大寫莫遺忘。
對(duì)應(yīng)演習(xí)：
一. 用括號(hào)中適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空。
I ________(am, are, is) from Australia.
She _______ (am, are, is) a student.
Jane and Tom _________(am, is, are) my friends.
My parents _______ (am, is, are) very busy every day.
_______ (Are, Is, Do, Does) there a Chinese school in New York?
_______ (Be, Are, Were, Was) they excited when he heard the news?
There _____ (be) some glasses on it.
If he _____ (be) free tomorrow, he will go with us.
二、人稱代詞
示意“我”、“你”、“他”、“她”、“它”、“我們”、“你們”、“他們”的詞，叫做人稱代詞。人稱代詞有人稱、數(shù)和格的轉(zhuǎn)變，見下表：
人稱
單數(shù)
復(fù)數(shù)
主格
賓格
主格
賓格
第一人稱
I
me
we
us
第二人稱
you
you
you
you
第三人稱
he
him
they
them
she
her
it
it
人稱代詞主格：作主語，示意誰怎么樣了、干什么了。
I am a teacher. You are student. He is a student, too.
We/You/They are students.
人稱代詞賓格作賓語，示意動(dòng)作行為的工具。
Give it to me. Let’s go (let’s =let us)
三、物主代詞
示意所有關(guān)系的代詞叫做物主代詞，也可叫做代詞所有格。物主代詞分形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞二種，其人稱和數(shù)的轉(zhuǎn)變見下表。
數(shù)
人稱
種別
單數(shù)
復(fù)數(shù)
第一
人稱
第二
人稱
第三
人稱
第一
人稱
第二人稱
第三
人稱
形容詞性物主
代詞
my
your
his
her
its
our
your
their
名詞性物主代詞
mine
yours
his
hers
its
ours
yours
theirs
漢語
我的
你的
他的
她的
它的
我們的
你們的
他（她、它）們的
形容詞性物主代詞(my/your/his/her/its/our/their)+名詞
而名詞性物主代詞則相當(dāng)于形容詞性物主代詞+名詞,故厥后不必加名詞。如：
Is this your book?
No,，it isn’t， it’s hers(her book)
This pen is mine.
代詞演習(xí)
一、用所給代詞的準(zhǔn)確形式填空。
These are ______ ( he ) brothers.
That is _______( she ) sister.
Lily is _______ ( Lucy ) sister.
Tom, this is _____ ( me ) cousin, Mary.
Now _____________(her parent) are in America.
Those __________ ( child ) are _____ ( I ) father’s students.
Do you know ______ ( it ) name?
Mike and Tom __________ ( be ) friends.
Thanks for helping ________( I ).
1 ______(Ann安)mother is ______(we) teacher.
二、用適當(dāng)?shù)拇~填空
1．We like ________ (he, his , him) very much.
2．Is this guitar ________ (you, your, yours)?
3．________(She, Her, Hers) name is Li Li.
4．Father bought a desk for ________ (I, my, me, mine).
5．________ (It, It's, Its) is very cold today.
6．Is this your book, Mike?
Yes ,________(we, you, they )are.
7．Are you and Tom classmates?
Yes, ________(we, you ,they )are.
8．Each of the students ________( have, has) a pen pal.
9．He has a dog. I want to have ________(it, one ),too.
10．Her parents are ________ (both, all ,either )teachers.
11．The text is easy for you .There are ________( few, a few ,little,a little) new words in it.
12．I want ________( some, any) bananas. Give me these big ________(one, ones).
四、陳述句
1、 看法：說明一個(gè)事實(shí)或是陳述語言人的看法的，句末用句號(hào)。
2、 分類：陳述句憑證其語法結(jié)構(gòu)，可概略分為“主語+謂語”和“主語+連系動(dòng)詞+表語”兩種;而從語氣的角度分，又可分為一定陳述句和否認(rèn)陳述句
(1)“主語+謂語”結(jié)構(gòu)
①一定陳述句
I like that book.我喜歡那本書。(陳述一個(gè)事實(shí))
I really agree.我確實(shí)贊成。(陳述一個(gè)看法)
?、诜裾J(rèn)陳述句
I did not buy the TV.我沒有買誰人電視。(陳述一個(gè)事實(shí))
(2)主語+連系動(dòng)詞+表語結(jié)構(gòu)
?、僖欢愂雒?/p>
The film is boring . 這部影戲沒意思。(陳述看法)
②否認(rèn)陳述句
Smoking is not good for your health.吸煙對(duì)你的康健沒有利益。(陳述一個(gè)事實(shí))
3、 陳述句的否認(rèn)結(jié)構(gòu)：
陳述句的否認(rèn)式主要用兩種結(jié)構(gòu)來表達(dá)：
(1)句子的謂語動(dòng)詞為be , have 或者謂語動(dòng)詞有助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，其否認(rèn)結(jié)構(gòu)為：
主語+謂語動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + not + 其他因素
I am not a teacher. 我不是先生。
We have not (haven`t) any books on animals. 我們沒有任何有關(guān)動(dòng)物方面的書。
The children are not (aren`t) playing in the playground.
He will not (won`t) come. 他不會(huì)來。
We must not (mustn`t) forget the past. 我們不能遺忘已往。
It could not (couldn`t) be lost. 它不能能丟的。
(2) 當(dāng)句子的謂語動(dòng)詞是do (即行為動(dòng)詞)，而且沒有助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，其否認(rèn)結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語+do (does,did) + not + 動(dòng)詞真相 + 其他因素
You do not (don`t) come here every day . 你沒有天天都來這里。
He does not (doesn`t) teach this class . 他不教這個(gè)班。
They did not(didn`t) watch TV last night . 昨晚他們沒看電視。
注重：陳述句的語調(diào)一樣平時(shí)用降調(diào)。但在示意疑問的語氣時(shí)，用升調(diào)，在書面上要用問號(hào)來示意。
You really want to go to Hong Kong ? 你真的想去香港嗎?
這句話示意的是一種疑問，只不外是通過陳述的語序和疑問的語氣來表達(dá)的
五、疑問句
疑問句是用來提出疑問的句子，句末用問號(hào)“?”。常考的疑問句有四類，即：一樣平時(shí)疑問句、特殊疑問句、選擇疑問句、反意疑問句。
(1)一樣平時(shí)疑問句
一樣平時(shí)疑問句通常需要用yes 或no 往返覆，以是又叫做“是非疑問句”。在讀這種句子時(shí)
要用升調(diào)。一樣平時(shí)疑問句主要有以下幾種類型：
1、“be + 主語 + 表語”結(jié)構(gòu)
— Are you sleepy ? 你困了嗎?
— Yes, I am . 是的，我困了。
2、“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + 主語言+ 行為動(dòng)詞(或be)”結(jié)構(gòu)
— May/Can I use the telephone? 我能用這部電話嗎?
— Yes, you can. 是的，可以。
3、“助動(dòng)詞(do, does, did)+ 主語 + 行為動(dòng)詞”結(jié)構(gòu)
— Do you like swimming in summer? 你喜歡炎天嗎?
— No, I don`t . 不，我不喜歡。
難點(diǎn)提醒
回復(fù)否認(rèn)性一樣平時(shí)疑問句時(shí)，要在Yes 后面用一定結(jié)構(gòu)，示意一定;在No 后面用否認(rèn)結(jié)構(gòu)，示意否認(rèn)。注重在說法上正好與漢語習(xí)慣相反。訣竅是在回復(fù)的時(shí)刻，只要把它當(dāng)成沒有加否認(rèn)形式的通俗一樣平時(shí)疑問句看待就可以了。注重下面例句的回復(fù)和它的意思。
— Is he not your elder brother? 他不是你的哥哥嗎?
—Yes, he is . 不，他是(我的哥哥)。No, he is not. 是的，他不是(我的哥哥)。
— Isn`t she very clever? 她豈非不是很智慧嗎?
— Yes, she is. 不，她很智慧?！?No, she is not . 是，她不智慧。
(2)特殊疑問句
一、特殊疑問句是用來提出來特定問題的疑問句，要求聽到問題的人針對(duì)特定情形來做詳細(xì)的回復(fù)，不能像一樣平時(shí)疑問句一樣簡樸地用Yes 或No 往返覆，特殊疑問句要用降調(diào)來讀。
二、特殊疑問句的結(jié)構(gòu)：
特殊疑問詞 + 一樣平時(shí)疑問句
Who do English homework in the evening?誰晚上做英語家庭作業(yè)?
What do you do in the evening?你晚上做什么?
What homework do you do in the evening?你晚上做什么家庭作業(yè)?
When do you do English homework?你什么時(shí)刻做英語家庭作業(yè)?
三、注重：
對(duì)人提問時(shí)who“誰”
對(duì)所屬(誰的)提問用whose“誰的”
對(duì)哪一個(gè)提問用which“哪一個(gè)”
對(duì)時(shí)間提問用when“什么時(shí)刻”或what time“幾點(diǎn)”
對(duì)物體提問用what“什么”
對(duì)地址提問用where“那里”
對(duì)緣故原由提問用why“為什么”
對(duì)方式提問用how“怎么樣”
對(duì)數(shù)目提問用how many“若干”(用于可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù))或how much“若干”(用于不能數(shù)名詞)
四、難點(diǎn)提醒
1、 以why開頭的特殊疑問句否認(rèn)形式常用于示意建議、請(qǐng)求等。Why don`t you have a try? 你為什么不試試呢?
2、 特殊疑問句常用到一些縮略形式，在平時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)中要注重習(xí)慣這些用法。
I don`t want to go there. How about you? 我不想去那兒，你呢?
But what else? 可是尚有什么呢?
1、把下列句子釀成否認(rèn)句：
I am listening to music. ___________
Mike is a student. ______________________
Sarah can clean the classroom. _______________
They are in the zoo. ____________________
There are some flowers in the vase.____________
This is my sister. _________________________
We are sweeping the floor._____________________
We need some masks. _________________________
They like making the puppet. ___________________
1 Su Hai and Su Yang live in a new house.
_____________________________
1 I put a book on my head.
_________________________________
1 They sing “In the classroom” together.
__________________________________
1 We play basketball on Sundays.
________________________________
1 Tom likes listening to music
______________________________
2、把下列句子釀成一樣平時(shí)疑問句
I am listening to music. __________
Mike is a student. ___________________
Sarah can clean the classroom._______________
They are in the zoo. _______________________
There are some flowers in the vase.___________
This is my sister. ________________________
We are sweeping the floor._____________________
We need some masks. ______________________
They like making the puppet. _______________
1 Su Hai and Su Yang live in a new house.
_________________________________________________
1 I put a book on my head.
_________________________________________________
1 They sing “In the classroom” together.
_______________________________________________
1 We play basketball on Sundays.
_________________________________________________
1 Tom likes listening to music
,中考前兩三個(gè)月時(shí)間安排得很緊，要抽出時(shí)間在個(gè)別科目上狠下功夫是很難的。因此，應(yīng)該在盡量照顧弱勢(shì)科目的前提下，全面兼顧各科，并且努力提高優(yōu)勢(shì)科目，以期在優(yōu)勢(shì)科目的考試中與別人拉開差距，并彌補(bǔ)弱勢(shì)科目的不足。,,若是上課時(shí)不注重聽講，當(dāng)堂沒聽懂，在課堂上幾分鐘就能解決的問題，課后可能要破費(fèi)幾倍的時(shí)間才氣補(bǔ)上。以是，學(xué)生在課堂上集中精神聽好每一堂課，是學(xué)習(xí)好作業(yè)的要害。要隨著先生的講述和所做的演示實(shí)驗(yàn)，起勁地思索，仔細(xì)地考察，踴躍談話，實(shí)時(shí)影象，抓緊課堂上先生所給的時(shí)間認(rèn)真做好課堂演習(xí)，起勁把所學(xué)內(nèi)容當(dāng)堂消化，當(dāng)堂記著。,____________________________________________
六.have作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞
示意“有”的意思
Look, I have wings, just like you.
He had fair hair and blue eyes.
〔注1〕：其否認(rèn)和疑問形式轉(zhuǎn)變，在美國通常用助動(dòng)詞do。
〔注2〕：在英國口語中常用have got取代have.
Look, can’t you see I've got teeth, too,
I haven't got any jewelry.
have和一些其他名詞連用，示意：
(1)一種流動(dòng)。
We have no classes on Sunday.(上課)
they’re going to have a volleyball match.(舉行競賽)
Are we going to have a meeting this week?(開會(huì))
We are going to have a talk this afternoon.(聽)
(2)患病。
I have got a headache.
I have a bad cold.
(3)發(fā)生的情形。
I've had so many falls that I'm black and blue all over.(跌跤)
(4)生育。
The queen ant may have tens of thousands of babies in one summer.
和一與動(dòng)詞同形的名詞連用，示意一個(gè)動(dòng)作(have+a+由動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化和名詞)
Are you going to have a swim.
I have a long talk with the teacher.
have on sth.或have sth. on，示意“穿著”、“戴著”(=to be wearing)
I noticed he had on bedroom slippers.
At the ball Motile had a diamond necklace on.
示意“吃”、“喝”
I wanted to have a cup of tea and some eggs.
Does she have lunch at home?
組成復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)即“have+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語”
(1)不加to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語(have sb. do sth.)，示意讓、叫某人做某事。
The soldier had him stand with his back to his father.
〔注〕：否認(rèn)結(jié)構(gòu)示意“不能讓…”或“從未有人…”.
We won't have you blame it on others.
She had never had anybody speak to her that way before.
(2)現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語(have sb.(sth.)doing)，示意讓(使)某人做某事。
…the two men had their lights burning all night long….
(3)已往分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語(have sb. (sth.)done)，示意：
?、偈?讓，請(qǐng))別人作某事，示意的動(dòng)作是別人做的。
Emperor Qin Shi Huang had all the walls joined up.
…h(huán)e should have new clothes made of this splendid cloth for the coming great procession.
②遭遇到某事。
Workers in some industries have their hearing harmed by the noise of the machine.
七、英語名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則
一、絕大多數(shù)的可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，是在該詞末尾加上后輟-s。
讀音轉(zhuǎn)變：末尾是清輔音讀[s]，末尾是濁輔音或元音讀[z]。
例：friend→friends; cat→cats; style→styles; sport→sports; piece→pieces
二、通常以s、z、x、ch、sh末尾的詞，在該詞末尾加上后輟-es組成復(fù)數(shù)。
讀音轉(zhuǎn)變：統(tǒng)一加讀[iz]。
例：bus→buses; quiz→quizzes; fox→foxes; match→matches; flash→flashes
三、以輔音字母+y末尾的名詞，將y改變?yōu)閕，再加-es。
讀音轉(zhuǎn)變：加讀[z]。
例：candy→candies; daisy→daisies; fairy→fairies; lady→ladies; story→stories
四、以-o末尾的名詞，若是不是外來詞或縮寫，就加-es，否則加-s組成復(fù)數(shù)。
讀音轉(zhuǎn)變：加讀[z]。
例：tomato→tomatoes; potato→potatoes; torpedo→torpedoes; bingo→bingoes
反例：silo→silos; piano→pianos(外來詞); photo→photos; macro→macros(縮寫詞)
五、以-f或-fe末尾的名詞，多為將-f或-fe改變?yōu)?ves，但有破例。
讀音轉(zhuǎn)變：尾音[f]改讀[vz]。
例：knife→knives; life→lives; leaf→leaves; staff→staves; scarf→scarves
反例：roof→roofs
六、以-us末尾的名詞(多為外來詞)，通常將-us改變?yōu)?i組成復(fù)數(shù)。
讀音轉(zhuǎn)變：尾音[Es]改讀[ai]，其中[kEs]要改讀為[sai]，[gEs]要改讀為[dVai]。
例：fungus→fungi; abacus→abaci; focus→foci; cactus→cacti; cestus→cesti
七、以-is末尾的名詞，通常將-is改變?yōu)?es。
讀音轉(zhuǎn)變：尾音[is]改讀[i:z]。
例：axis→axes; basis→bases; naris→nares; hypothesis→hypotheses; restis→restes
八、以-ix末尾的名詞，通常將-ix改變?yōu)?ices，但有破例。
讀音轉(zhuǎn)變：尾音[iks]改讀[isi:z]。
例：matrix→matrices; directrix→directrices; calix→calices; appendix→appendices 反例：affix→affixes
九、以-um末尾的名詞，將-um改變?yōu)?a。
讀音轉(zhuǎn)變：去掉鼻尾音。
例：forum→fora; stadium→stadia; aquarium→aquaria; datum→data; vacuum→vacua
十、以-a末尾的名詞，在該詞末尾加上后輟-e。
讀音轉(zhuǎn)變：尾音[E]改讀[i:]。
例：larva→larvae; formula→formulae; ala→alae; media→mediae; hydra→hydrae
十一、部門單詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式穩(wěn)固。
讀音轉(zhuǎn)變：保持原音。
例：fish→fish; sheep→sheep; cattle→cattle; deer→deer; salmon→salmon
十二、少少數(shù)單詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式?jīng)]有任何紀(jì)律。
讀音轉(zhuǎn)變：沒有紀(jì)律。
例：man→men; woman→women; child→children; person→people; ox→oxen
十三、一些單數(shù)詞得加en才氣釀成復(fù)數(shù)詞：
例：ox→oxen; child→children; brother→brethren
十四、一些單數(shù)詞得洗面革心一番,才氣釀成復(fù)數(shù)詞
例：analysis→analyses剖析; basis→bases基礎(chǔ); datum→data數(shù)據(jù); foot→feet;
formula→formulae/formulas公式; goose→geese; louse→lice虱子; man→men
mouse→mice; medium→media/mediums前言; memorandum→memoranda/memorandums備忘錄;
parenthesis→parentheses 圓括號(hào); phenomenon→phenomena征象; radius→radii 半徑
tooth→teeth; woman→women
十五、有些名詞是單數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù)不分的
例：deer; fish; cannon; sheep; salmon 鮭魚; trout 鱒魚
十六、一些名詞雖分單數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù)，但泛起次數(shù)多的總是單數(shù)詞
例：abscence; clothing; film; help; furniture家具; machinery機(jī)械; news; scenery景物; sugar;
traffic交通
十七、另一些名詞則以復(fù)數(shù)詞泛起的時(shí)機(jī)較多
例：bellows風(fēng)箱; clothes; police; shorts短褲; scissors鉸剪; spectacles眼鏡; shears大鉸剪
trousers長褲; wages人為
十八、compound nouns，這類復(fù)數(shù)詞是以主要的名詞來示意
例：daughter-in-law→daughters-in-law 媳婦; father-in-law→fathers-in-law岳父
man-of-war→men-of-war軍艦; maid-servant→maid-servants
step-son→step-sons晚子; son-in-law→sons-in-law
十九、若表達(dá)詳細(xì)數(shù)目，要借助數(shù)目詞
例：pair(對(duì)，雙); suit(套); a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers
二十、另外尚有一些名詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式有時(shí)可示意稀奇意思，
例：goods貨物，waters水域，fishes(種種)魚
二十一、除人民幣元、角、格外，美元、英鎊、法郎等都有復(fù)數(shù)形式。
例：a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters
以O(shè)末尾的詞，許多加es組成復(fù)數(shù)，稀奇是一些常用詞如：heroes,potatoes,tomatoes,echoes,tornadoes,torpedoes,dominoes,vetoes,mosquitoes,Negroes,mangoes,buffaloes,volcanoes
但下面幾類詞只加s：
以“元音+o”或“oo”末尾詞如:videos,radios,studios,folios
一些外來詞，稀奇是音樂方面的如：pianos,solos,concertos,tobaccos,mottos,cellos
一些縮寫詞和專著名詞，如：kilos,photos,memos,micros,Eskimos,Filipnos
有個(gè)體詞加兩種詞尾都可以，如：archipelago(e)s,halo(e)s,cargoes(英)，cargos(美)
名詞由單數(shù)釀成復(fù)數(shù)的演習(xí)
寫出下列名詞復(fù)數(shù)
leaf______ puppy_______ box_______ knife_______ fly______ fox______ bus______ bench_____ brush_____ kiss______ church______ dish_____ ruler______ peach________ glass_____ pencil________ boy______ zoo______ man______ roof_______ sheep_______ knife______ lady______ key______ story______ watch______ bamboo______ city______ family______ day_____ apple_______ eraser______ speech______ thief______ mouse______ fish_____ goose____ people ______ ox_____ Chinese _______ deer _______ foot______ child_______ tooth_______ guy________ hero_______ spy______ boss_____ monkey______ city ______ goat ______ radio ________ horse ______ dog ______
用所給的單詞的復(fù)數(shù)的準(zhǔn)確形式填空：
1>There are so many________(wolf)in the forest.
2>There are three ______(chair) in the classroom.
3>These _______(tomato) are red.
4>______(hero) are great.
5>My brother looks after two ______(baby)
6>There are some ______(deer) eating the grass.
7>My father likes to eat _______(potato).
8>Chinese ______(people)like to eat noodles.
9>I have a lot of ______(toy) in my bedroom.
10>I help my mother wash ______(dish) in the kitchen.
11>I have two ______(pencil-box).
12>There are some ______(bus)in the street.
13>Peter has eight _____(foot).
14>Linda has three _______(tooth).
15>There are some ______(child) in the garden.
16>Michael likes the ______(mouse).
17>There are some ______(goose)in the river.
18>My uncle and father are _____(man).
19>Tom and King are _____(boy).
20>Linda has three ______(tooth).
八、現(xiàn)在舉行時(shí)
1,示意語言時(shí)正在舉行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。
Please don't make so much noise. I'm writing a composition. 不要喧華。我正在寫。
Let's set off. It isn’t raining now. 咱們出發(fā)吧?，F(xiàn)在不下雨了。
這類情形常與now現(xiàn)在，at the present現(xiàn)在，at the moment現(xiàn)在，today今天，this week這個(gè)星期，this year今年等時(shí)間狀語連用。有時(shí)通過上下文可以判斷出應(yīng)接納何種時(shí)態(tài)，如：
It's four o'clock in the afternoon. The children are playing football on the sports ground. 現(xiàn)在是下晝四點(diǎn)。
Hurry up! We are all waiting for you. 快點(diǎn)!我們?nèi)巳硕嫉戎恪?/p>
Look! They are reading over there under the tree. 看!他們?cè)谀抢锏臉涞紫驴磿?/p>
Listen! She is singing in the room. 聽!她在房間里。
Where is Kate? She is reading in the room. 凱特在那里?她在房間里看書。
Why are you crying? Is something wrong?
為什么哭呢?有什么紕謬?
2,示意現(xiàn)階段正在舉行而語言時(shí)紛歧定在舉行的動(dòng)作。
We are working in a factory these days. 這幾天我們?cè)谝患夜S事情。
They are compiling a dictionary. 他們?cè)诰幰槐驹~典。
這類情形常與today今天，this week這個(gè)星期，this evening今天晚上，these days現(xiàn)在、現(xiàn)在等時(shí)間狀語連用。
3,在口語中示意主語設(shè)計(jì)將要作的動(dòng)作。
They are leaving for New York tomorrow. 明天他們將要啟程前往紐約。
Is your brother departing soon? 你的兄弟很快就要啟程嗎?
這類情形常與come來，go去， leave脫離，depart脫離，arrive到達(dá)，stay停留，start最先等動(dòng)詞連用。所用的動(dòng)詞必須是動(dòng)作而不是狀態(tài)，主語必須是人。
4,現(xiàn)在舉行時(shí)與always等副詞連用時(shí)帶有情緒色彩。
He's always quarrelling with others. 他老喜歡跟別人打罵。
She is constantly worrying about her son's health. 她一直地為她兒子的康健郁悶著。
The boy is forever asking questions. 誰人男孩總是問問題。
這類情形常與always總是，usually通常，continually一直的，constantly經(jīng)常的，forever永遠(yuǎn)、總是等副詞連用。
5,有的現(xiàn)在舉行時(shí)句子和一樣平時(shí)現(xiàn)在時(shí)同義。用現(xiàn)在舉行時(shí)示意問者的關(guān)切心情。
How are you feeling today? (How do you feel today?)你今天感受若何?
I am looking (look)forward to your next visit. 我希望你下次再來。
Why are you looking(do you look)so sad? 為什么你看起來這么沒精打彩的樣子呢?
6,有的動(dòng)詞用于現(xiàn)在舉行時(shí)示意“逐漸”的寄義。此種用法除了有時(shí)和now連用外，一樣平時(shí)反面其他時(shí)間副詞連用的。
Our study is becoming more interesting. 我們的學(xué)習(xí)變得越來越有趣了。
The leaves are turning red. 樹葉逐漸地變紅了。
The war is ending. 戰(zhàn)爭靠近尾聲了。
Wait a moment; I am finishing my supper. 等一會(huì)兒，我的晚飯就要吃完了。
適合于此種用法的動(dòng)詞有：bet/grow/become/turn/run/go釀成，begin最先，forget遺忘，remember記得，die死，finish完成，find發(fā)現(xiàn)，rise增強(qiáng)等.
7,“be”動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在舉行時(shí)?！癰e”動(dòng)詞用于現(xiàn)在舉行時(shí)示意語言者以為是短暫的、和平時(shí)紛歧樣的、甚至是偽裝的。
He is being foolish. 他在裝傻。
He is being honest. 他顯示得稀奇忠實(shí)。
She is being rude. 她有意顯示鹵莽。
I can't understand why he is being so selfish.我不明晰此時(shí)他為何云云自私。
適合于此種用法的有：foolish愚蠢的，nice好的，kind盛情的，careful仔細(xì)的，patient耐心的，lazy懶惰的，silly傻的，rude鹵莽的，polite禮貌的，impolite無禮的等示意人的特征、性格的形容詞。(“be”動(dòng)詞用于現(xiàn)在舉行時(shí)示意人的行為，純粹示意心理或心理的狀態(tài)而不帶有行動(dòng)時(shí)或主語不是人時(shí)，“be”動(dòng)詞不能用于現(xiàn)在舉行時(shí))如：
I am happy.(表語是純粹的心理狀態(tài)，不能用am being) 我很快樂。
He's tired.(表語是純粹的心理狀態(tài)，不能用is being) 他很疲倦。
It's hot today.(主語不是人，不能用is being) 今天很熱。 常和現(xiàn)在舉行時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語
用法實(shí)例：
(1)當(dāng)句子中有now時(shí)，常示意動(dòng)作正在舉行，這時(shí)要用現(xiàn)在舉行時(shí)。如：They are playing basketball now.現(xiàn)在他們正在打。
(2)以look, listen開頭的句子，提醒我們動(dòng)作正舉行，這時(shí)要用現(xiàn)在舉行時(shí)。如：Listen!She is singing an English song.聽，她正在唱英語歌。
(3)示意當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間或現(xiàn)階段正在舉行的動(dòng)作，且此時(shí)有this week, these days等時(shí)間狀語，這時(shí)常用現(xiàn)在舉行時(shí)。如：We are making model planes these days.這些天我們?cè)谧鲲w機(jī)模子。
(4)形貌圖片中的人物的動(dòng)作，也為了表達(dá)重生動(dòng)。此時(shí)也常用現(xiàn)在舉行時(shí)。如：Look at the picture. The children are flying kites in the park.看這幅圖，那些
一樣平時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)：
一定句式：主語+be( am, is, are)+現(xiàn)在分詞+.
否認(rèn)句式：主語+be(am, is, are) +not +現(xiàn)在分詞+其它.
一樣平時(shí)疑問句：Be(am, is, are) +主語+現(xiàn)在分詞+其它?
特殊疑問句：疑問詞+be(am, is, are)+主語+現(xiàn)在分詞+其它?
對(duì)一樣平時(shí)疑問句作答，一定回復(fù)：yes,主語+be,否認(rèn)回復(fù)：no,主語+be not
對(duì)現(xiàn)在舉行時(shí)的特殊疑問句的回復(fù)，它不能以用Yes或No直接作答，要憑證現(xiàn)真相形回復(fù)。
Eg：They are working these days. He is buying a bike.
They aren’t working these days. He isn’t buying a bike.
Are they working these days? Is he buying a bike?
What are they doing these days? What is he doing ?
現(xiàn)在分詞的變法有
1、一樣平時(shí)在動(dòng)詞詞尾加上-ing
Jump——jumping
go——going
pushing——pushing
play——playing
2、以不發(fā)音字母e末尾的動(dòng)詞，先去e，再加-ing.
Take——takeing
leave——leaving
write——writing
have——having
3、.以重讀閉音節(jié)末尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的詞，它前面是單個(gè)元音字母時(shí)要先將詞尾的輔音字母雙寫，再加上-ing.
Cut—cutting
put—putting
stop—stopping
fit—fitting
begin—beginning
forget—forgetting
以ie末尾的詞，將ie變?yōu)閥再加ing
Lie—lying
演習(xí)：
只管現(xiàn)在舉行時(shí)對(duì)照簡樸，但在做題歷程中也常會(huì)犯一些錯(cuò)誤，常見的錯(cuò)誤有如下幾種：
1、 Look! He _____their mother do the housework.
A. is helping B. are help C. is help D.is helpping
2 、_____are the boys doing ? They are singing in the room.
A .Who B .How C.What D.Where
3、 Don’t talk here. My mother _____.
A. is sleeping B .are sleeping C. sleeping D .sleep
4 、Danny ______. Don’t call him.
A. is writeing B .is writing C.writing D .writes
5 、–When_____he_____back?
– Sorry, I don’t know.
A. does,come B.are coming C.is come D.is coming
6、 It’s ten o’clock. My mother _____(lie)in bed.
7、 What____he _____(mend)?
8、 We _____(play)games now.
9、 What ____you____(do) thesse days?
10、 ____he ___(clean) the classroom?
11、 Who____(sing)in the next room?
12、The girl____(like)wearing a sweater. Look! She ____(wear)a red sweater today.
謎底：1 is lying 2 is mending 3 are playing 4 are doing
5 Is cleaning 6 is singing 7 likes ; is wearing
注重：
把動(dòng)詞釀成現(xiàn)在分詞形式易失足
例：1、They are swiming.(swim)
2 、Jenny is plaiing(play)football.
謎底：swimming 2 .playing
丟掉be動(dòng)詞或遺忘把動(dòng)詞釀成現(xiàn)在分詞
例：1、 Look,two children flying.(fly) a kite in the park.
2 、Li Mingisn’t read ( not read) a book in bed now.
謎底：1 are flying 2 isn’t reading
剖析:現(xiàn)在舉行時(shí)一定句的結(jié)構(gòu)紀(jì)律為: “be+現(xiàn)在分詞,缺一不能”。這一點(diǎn)必須切記。
對(duì)動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞詞組提問時(shí)丟掉doing
例：1 、The students are singing in the room.(對(duì)劃線部門提問)
What are the students in the room?謎底：What are the students doing in the room?
剖析:現(xiàn)在舉行時(shí)態(tài)中對(duì)動(dòng)作提問可記著此句式“What +be +主語+doing+其它?”
現(xiàn)在舉行時(shí)態(tài)的選擇疑問句中易忽視or后用現(xiàn)在分詞形式
例：
Are the children running or jump?謎底：Are the children running or jumping?
剖析: or毗鄰的是兩個(gè)并列因素，動(dòng)詞形式須一致。
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